Bark is the outermost layer of stems and roots of woody plants. Plants with bark include trees, woody vines, and shrubs.[from wikipedia]

A chair is a type of seat, typically designed for one person and consisting of one or more legs, a flat or slightly angled seat and a back-rest. It may be made of wood, metal, or synthetic materials, and may be padded or upholstered in various colors and fabrics.[from wikipedia]

There are many methods of cooking, most of which have been known since antiquity. These include baking, roasting, frying, grilling, barbecuing, smoking, boiling, steaming and braising. A more recent innovation is microwaving.[from wikipedia]

Application of hot air (convective or direct drying). Air heating increases the drying force for heat transfer and accelerates drying. It also reduces air relative humidity, further increasing the driving force for drying.[from wikipedia]

Duck is the common name for numerous species of waterfowl in the family Anatidae. Ducks are generally smaller and shorter-necked than swans and geese, which are members of the same family.[from wikipedia]

A fire pit or a fire hole can vary from a pit dug in the ground to an elaborate gas burning structure of stone, brick, and metal. The defining feature of fire pits is that they are designed to contain fire and prevent it from spreading.[from wikipedia]

National flags are patriotic symbols with widely varied interpretations that often include strong military associations because of their original and ongoing use for that purpose. Flags are also used in messaging, advertising, or for decorative purposes.[from wikipedia]

In maritime law, flotsam pertains to goods that are floating on the surface of the water as the result of a wreck or accident. One who discovers flotsam is allowed to claim it unless someone else establishes their ownership of it.[from wikipedia]

Although the word forest is commonly used, there is no universally recognized precise definition, with more than 800 definitions of forest used around the world.[from wikipedia]

Trees provide shade and shelter, timber for construction, fuel for cooking and heating, and fruit for food as well as having many other uses.[from wikipedia]

Lagoons are shallow, often elongated bodies of water separated from a larger body of water by a shallow or exposed shoal, coral reef, or similar feature.[from wikipedia]

Letter (alphabet), a character representing one or more of the sounds used in speech; any of the symbols of an alphabet.[from wikipedia]

Litter consists of waste products that have been discarded incorrectly, without consent, at an unsuitable location. The word litter can also be used as a verb: to litter means to drop and leave objects, often man-made, such as aluminum cans, paper cups, food wrappers, cardboard boxes or plastic bottles on the ground, and leave them there indefinitely or for other people to dispose of as opposed to disposing of them correctly.[from wikipedia]

Miscellanies however remained popular throughout the 19th century, especially what came to be known as the weekly news miscellany, which typically appeared at the weekend and featured not only a summary of the week's intelligence but also a variety of instructive and entertaining matter, in other words what we call today a magazine, but poetry was no longer privileged among these publications.[from wikipedia]

All living things were traditionally placed into one of two groups, plants and animals. This classification dates from Aristotle who distinguished different levels of beings in his biology, based on whether living things had a "sensitive soul" or like plants only a "vegetative soul".[from wikipedia]

Self-reflection is the ability to witness and evaluate one's own cognitive, emotional, and behavioral processes.[from wikipedia]

The main purpose of signs is to communicate, to convey information designed to assist the receiver with decision-making based on the information provided.[from wikipedia]

habitational name of British origin, Stanley is a boy's name that means "stony field."[from google]

Steller's jay (Cyanocitta stelleri) is one of two species in the genus Cyanocitta, the other species being the blue jay (Cyanocitta cristata); because the two species sometimes interbreed naturally where their ranges overlap in the eastern foothills of the Rocky Mountains, their status as distinct species has been contested.[from wikipedia]

After a tree has been cut and has fallen, the stump or tree stump is usually a small remaining portion of the trunk with the roots still in the ground. Stumps may show the age-defining rings of a tree. The study of these rings is known as dendrochronology.[from wikipedia]

Helophytes are plants that grow partly submerged in marshes and regrow from buds below the water surface.[from wikipedia]

Secret tunnels are built for military purposes, or by civilians for smuggling of weapons, contraband, or people. Special tunnels, such as wildlife crossings, are built to allow wildlife to cross human-made barriers safely. Tunnels can be connected together in tunnel networks.[from wikipedia]